Drip irrigation has helped improve water and fertilizer management on countless farms over the years. Its mechanisms may vary, depending on how it was designed, but the major components that comprise it are listed below:
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Valve: The valve serves as the entry point of the water into the irrigation system. A pump can also be installed to increase the pressure, especially if the source of water is natural, such as wells, lakes, or rivers.
Backflow preventer: In drip irrigation, there is the possibility that dirt and animal excretion can be sucked back into the system, which can contaminate the water source. Backflow preventers have to be installed to stop this from happening.
Pressure regulator: While a pump is sometimes needed to increase pressure, a pressure regulator or pressure-reducing valve is necessary to ensure that water or fertilizer flows at a constant level.
Filter: There are two reasons a filter is needed. Firstly, it cleans the water, ensuring that plants do not receive unwanted particles. Secondly, it prevents debris from clogging in the irrigation system, prolonging the useful life of the equipment.
Distribution lines: These include the drip tubes that convey water from the source to the plants. The hoses or pipes can either be placed above or under the soil.
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Emitters: These devices are where water is dripped, and these are designed to control how fast water is delivered.
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